Everything about Ageing Brain totally explained
The
human brain goes through several large-scale changes as the individual progresses from
embryo through to old age.
Pre-natal development
Developmental neurobiology concerns itself with the development of the brain. The process of
neurogenesis populates the brain, then
programmed cell death cuts the growing brain down to size.
Adolescence
During
adolescence the brain goes through a process of
synaptic pruning.
Aging
Over the years, the human brain shows a decline in function and a change in
gene expression. This modulation in gene expression may be due to
oxidative DNA damage at
promoter regions in the genome. Genes that are down-regulated over the age of 40 include:
Genes that are upregulated include:
Genes associated with stress response and DNA repair
Antioxidant defence
Normal aging is distinct from Neurodegenerative disease. DNA damage due to oxidation increase as the brain ages, possibly due to impaired mitochondrial function.
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